You are currently browsing the tag archive for the ‘Investing in Inclusive Finance’ tag.
> Posted by Danielle Piskadlo, Senior Program Specialist, CFI
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
The Council of Microfinance Equity Funds (CMEF) was recently renamed the Financial Inclusion Equity Council (FIEC) in order to reflect both the evolving nature of the industry and Council membership.
In my recent interview with Jim Kaddaras on the landscape of microfinance equity investing in 2003, it quickly became evident that in some respects much has changed over the past decade, while in other ways many of Jim’s comments still ring very true today.
Different Context:
Since 2003, like the expanding industry, Council membership has both grown in numbers and also changed in composition. For instance, a few direct financial service providers have joined the Council as they have now started to invest equity regionally.
Likewise, as impact investing has become far more mainstream in the last decade, some members (e.g. Triodos Organic Growth Fund and responsAbility Fair Trade Fund) have increasingly started to invest in adjacent impact investments. These investments go beyond traditional microfinance to include agriculture, housing, energy, etc. However, microfinance is still by far the majority of most Council members’ portfolio – and also the main proven model for returns.
In addition to the advent of new adjacent impact investment funds, the Council now increasingly has other “beyond microfinance” topics on its agenda, including disruptive technologies and the incredible potential for mobile banking given the now ubiquitous presence of mobile phones. Read the rest of this entry »
> Posted by Daniel Rozas, Independent Consultant
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
When you think about responsible investing, what comes to mind? Finding investment prospects that can deliver social returns? Perhaps diligent monitoring, with an eye to effective governance? How about when you sell an investment? How can investors remain committed to balanced social and financial goals when passing the baton to someone else?
This last question is the focus of a joint project by the Center for Financial Inclusion and CGAP. With several microfinance equity funds approaching maturity, the issue of equity sales is becoming more relevant, and as part of the project, the team has been interviewing many equity investors to understand how they perceive the question of what, exactly, is a responsible exit? A paper detailing the findings of these interviews, The Art of the Responsible Exit in Microfinance Equity Sales, will be released in the coming weeks.
In the course of these interviews, many respondents used the analogy of children growing up. As early-stage or founding investors, they reach a certain point where they have fulfilled their “parental” mission and are no longer best-positioned to provide the MFI what it needs, be it capital, expertise, or market access. From the investor’s perspective, the analogy works. But selling an MFI is less an act of entrusting your child’s future to his or her own good sense, along with whatever wisdom you’ve been able to impart – you are handing the MFI over to somebody else.
> Posted by Danielle Piskadlo, Senior Program Specialist, CFI
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
In 2003, the Council of Microfinance Equity Funds (CMEF) was formed by a handful of equity investors in microfinance with the goal of sharing, developing, and disseminating industry best practices in equity investing.
I recently had the pleasure of catching up with Jim Kaddaras, who was Vice President of Special Projects at Accion from 2001-2003. He was instrumental in launching the CMEF in 2003, and also led the charge on the creation of Accion Investments. Jim is now a Partner at Developing World Markets, and is still a Council member.
Q: What did the landscape of microfinance equity investing look like in 2003?
Jim Kaddaras: It wasn’t much of a landscape – it was more of a scatter shot.
Accion owned stakes in some of their Latin American affiliates and Accion Investments was just launching in 2003. Procredit was a player (they were called IPC back then and their banks had separate names). FINCA had some equity investments and ShoreBank had a smattering of equity holdings.
ProFund had been around since 1995 as the first investment company focused on microfinance equity but it was winding up when the Council started. Africap was just starting, based on the ProFund model. Various other Council members, plus the development finance institutions (DFIs) and several non-profit networks, held a handful of equity investments.
Q: What was the goal of the Council when it was formed?
JK: We felt that by gathering people who had been making equity investments in a one-off way, we could help to develop and disseminate best practices in the field.
> Posted by Madeleine Dy, Program Specialist, CFI
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
Making the case for more attention to risk management and governance in both the financial inclusion sector and corporate world can be an uphill battle, but McKinsey’s Global Survey findings provide some strong reinforcement. If we let the numbers speak for themselves, they tell an interesting story. Their survey of 772 corporate directors showed that although over 90 percent of respondents reported that their boards have become more effective over the past five years, risk management still surfaces as the biggest difficulty faced by boards.
The survey shows that board directors have improved their knowledge on various company issues since the last survey conducted in 2011. More specifically, about one-third say they have a complete understanding of their organization’s current strategy, as compared to about 20 percent in 2011. However, only 15 percent can say the same for the risks their company faces. In fact, the reality is that 30 percent of directors reported they have limited to no understanding of the risks facing their company.
You might ask why there is such a difference. The answer lies in the time directors spend on the two topics. Directors responded that they spend more time on strategy than any other area, 28 percent compared to only 12 percent for risk management. This clearly shows where their priorities and attention are focused. McKinsey mentions that companies and boards are becoming more complacent about risks as the 2008 financial crisis becomes a more distant memory — unfortunately fading memories do not translate to fading risks. Read the rest of this entry »
> Posted by Danielle Piskadlo, Senior Program Specialist, CFI
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
What good are industry best practices for risk management if many MFIs don’t have the tools and resources to follow them? Sure, you can state that it is an industry best practice to have a risk committee on your board. And it undoubtedly is important to identify that there is value in applying such a practice. But what use is that really if you don’t examine the underlying reasons why 40 percent of MFIs that responded to a MIX survey said they don’t. Or why 32 percent reported not having a risk manager, and 23 percent said they don’t have an internal auditor – and if they did have either, respondents indicated, “both functions tend to report to the CEO contrary to accepted best practice.”
To address this disconnect between where we are as an industry and where we want to be in terms of risk management best practices is why the Risk management Initiative in Microfinance (RIM) was recently launched. RIM is a collaborative effort of Appui au Développement Autonome (ADA), Calmeadow, the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion (CFI), Mennonite Economic Development Associates (MEDA), MFX Solutions, Microfinanza, Oikocredit, and Triple Jump to raise awareness about the importance of risk management, and build MFIs’ capacity to more effectively understand and manage risk.
It has been shown time and again that there is no one-size-fits-all solution in the microfinance industry. What works in one region for one MFI could be a disaster in a different region or for another MFI. And risk management is no different. Putting out one set of risk standards would create a divide between those that meet them and those that don’t, and those that are a good fit for them and those that aren’t. Instead RIM is in the process of developing a “risk roadmap” to help MFIs assess where their risk management capabilities currently stand, and to then help them navigate to where they want to be in terms of risk management. This risk model will help MFIs continue to “graduate” to higher levels of risk management capabilities as they grow and mature as institutions. This roadmap will provide the microfinance industry with a flexible resource, appropriate to address the wide variety of risk management challenges MFIs face.
> Posted by Madeleine Dy and Danielle Piskadlo, Program Specialist and Senior Program Specialist, CFI
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
It’s heating up—maybe not in terms of the weather but certainly in terms of growth and competition for many microfinance institutions (MFIs). And as growth and competition rapidly increase in many countries, there are many potentially serious risks and impacts that MFIs need to take into account. As we have seen in the crises in Andhra Pradesh, Nicaragua, and Morocco – to name a few – microfinance is risky business, and it can be argued that many industry failings result from poor risk management and oversight. It might also be fair to say that risk management didn’t garner much attention before because times were good, but now, as more markets heat up, it is important that we learn from past mistakes, and focus the necessary resources to implement preventative risk management measures.
To provide MFIs with the risk management resources needed to help tackle this challenge, we are excited to announce that Risk Management was recently added as a “Hot Topic” on the Microfinance Gateway! The risk management resources now available through the Microfinance Gateway were compiled by a dedicated team of Credit Suisse Virtual Volunteers¹ in coordination with the newly established Risk management Initiative in Microfinance (RIM)², which was created to raise awareness as well as develop best practices and appropriate standards for risk management in microfinance globally.
> Posted by Andrea Horak, Program Coordinator, CFI
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
A business can be profitable without strong governance, but can this be sustained? The past has taught us that weak governance practices are often critically detrimental for an institution (see Weathering the Storm and Failures in Microfinance: Lessons Learned). Have businesses and institutions accepted that good governance is positively correlated with profitability? If they haven’t, they should.
The Microfinance Information Exchange (MIX) ran a pilot project in 2011 testing a new set of governance indicators among a sample of 162 MFIs across 57 countries. From the initial findings, the MIX reported that the indicators showed a positive correlation among factors such as the presence of risk management functions, internal auditing, and board committees, suggesting that good governance practices do not exist in isolation.
In “Performance and Corporate Governance in Microfinance Institutions,” Roy Mersland and Reidar Oystein Strom examine the relationship between corporate governance in MFIs and firm performance on social and financial dimensions. In their study, the effects of various board characteristics, ownership types, and the external conditions of competition and regulation on an institution’s client outreach and financial performance are considered. As they analyze each of these relationships, the authors establish that the presence of internal auditors and local directors positively influence the financial performance of MFIs. The MIX data also found a strong correlation between MFIs with executive, risk, and audit committees, and the existence of risk management functions. Of course, as MFIs vary greatly in size, structure, and maturity, it’s also important to recognize that when it comes to governance, one size does not fit all.
> Posted by Danielle Piskadlo and Jeffrey Riecke, Senior Program Specialist and Communications Assistant, CFI
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
Thanks to social media, we are in a new era of sharing. Everything from major life events to fleeting thoughts like “I’m hungry” get posted, tweeted, and shared within social circles these days. And the provision of financial service – once a private affair – is not immune.
Sites such as Prosper and Kickstarter are among the many new crowdsourcing websites that allow people to share – in fact, advertise – their status of “I need a loan.” And these sites are revolutionizing what it means to be an entrepreneur or artist today by smashing the barriers to entry for funding a new idea, skill, or product.
In a big way, the days of trying to explain the market potential of your business plan for a trendy new app to a banker are disappearing as are the days of playing your music in the subway or selling your art on the sidewalk, hoping to get discovered. Now, almost anyone with a product or craft can simply post it on one of many sites to crowdsource the funding.
One of the beauties of crowdsourced financing is that it allows an entrepreneur or artist to assess market demand. The crowd tells you if your idea or art has potential by funding it. And distributed funding requests allow entrepreneurs or artist to tap into social networks for support in a meaningful way and without any real risk.
There are many crowdsourced financing platforms out there, and lots of different business models, so let’s take a closer look at one of the more prominent outfits: Kickstarter. Since the service began in mid-2010, more than 4.9 million people have backed a Kickstarter project, pledging over $800 million across 49,000 projects.
> Posted by Madeleine Dy, Program Specialist, CFI
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
“What does he know that I don’t know?” This is exactly the question proponents of peer learning want to provoke. In academia, peer learning has received significant attention and new peer learning communities are sprouting up around the world. From the virtual Peer 2 Peer University, or P2PU, which was founded in 2009, to the Indian non-profit Avanti with its peer Learning Centers in India, to more informal community-driven websites like Skillshare where anyone can teach anyone else about a skill.
The Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion (CFI), the Boulder Institute of Microfinance, and Calmeadow Foundation are applying the power of peer learning in our upcoming “Governance Leadership in a Competitive World” seminar in Mexico City on October 3-4, 2013. The seminar asks MFI board members and CEOs to come together to address governance and risk challenges microfinance institutions are facing. The seminar will employ a highly interactive combination of case-based peer discussion, experienced industry speakers, and problem-solving.
Peer learning actually isn’t a new concept. It had its birth around 1916 with education thinker John Dewey’s Constructivist Theory which asserts that knowledge is created through experience, rather than through the usual teacher to student lecture and memorization. Paulo Freire, the Brazilian development guru, took it a step further with his 1968 book Pedagogy of the Oppressed, which critiques traditional teaching frameworks that treat students as empty vessels into which knowledge is deposited. Freire challenged society to ensure that all participants in the classroom, both teachers and students, work together to create knowledge equitably.
> Posted by Madeleine Dy, Program Specialist, CFI
The Investing in Inclusive Finance program at the Center for Financial Inclusion at Accion explores the practices of investors in inclusive finance. Across areas including risk, governance, stakeholder alignment, and fund management, this blog series highlights what’s being done to help the industry better utilize private capital to develop financial institutions that incorporate social aims.
Effective risk governance is critical for the growth and sustainability of an MFI, and board members play an important role in overseeing, monitoring, and controlling institutional risks. Governing Banks: MFI Edition, the latest publication of the Center for Financial Inclusion’s Running with Risk project, is a comprehensive risk and governance manual that follows a newly appointed director of an MFI bank on his journey to acquire the understanding and skills needed to meet the unique challenges of his role. Through the different characters the director meets, including the Chair of the Board, CEO, and Chair of the Risk Committee of the Board, the author Karla Brom holds a candid, educational, and easy-to-read conversation. She discusses a multitude of topics, including best practices in determining board composition, risk management roles and responsibilities, and risk appetite.
Governing Banks: MFI Edition builds on the work of the Governing Banks supplement created by IFC’s Global Corporate Governance Forum, and modifies the document to take into account the specifics of regulated microfinance institutions. For the MFI Edition, valuable input and oversight were provided by an advisory team comprised of Lauren Burnhill of One Planet Ventures, David Risser of NestorAdvisors, Mike Lubrano of Cartica Capital, Keith Waitt of Consultancy Matters, and Deborah Drake of the CFI. The publication is the third output of the Running with Risk project, which seeks to raise awareness about the importance of effective risk governance for institutional growth and sustainability. The first two publications were Microfinance – A Risky Business and Ten Risk Questions for Every MFI Board.
Facebook
Twitter
Recent Comments